Improvement in cultivators



JULIER.

Plow.

Patented Mar. 13, 1860.

WITNESSES:

N,FETERS. PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHR, WASHINGTON D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC EDWARD JULTER, OF-BEVERLY, OHIO.

lMPROVEfM ENT IN CULTIVATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 27,450, dated March 13,1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, EDWARD JULIER, of Beverly, in the county ofWashington and State of Ohio, have invented and made certain new anduseful Improvements in Flows; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being badto the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, inwhich- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the plow. Fig.2 represents thecenter or main beam with landside. Fig. 3 is the larger detachable beamwith landside attached. Fig. 4 is the smaller detachable beam withlandside attached. Fig. 5 is the mold-board detached.

The nature of my improvements consists in the arrangement of a triple organg plow composed of a central main or draft beam with slottedlaterally-attached secondary beams, each of said beams having connectedthereto a landside of wrought metal and a mold board formed of a thinwrought plate, so shaped as to constitute in one individual piece theshare, mold-board, and wing of plow, the said several parts being socombined and arranged at such an angle relative to each other as thatthe heel or butt of the rear or hindermost share will overout the toe orpoint of the advance share, and whereby greatly improved results inplowing and cultivating corn are brought about, as will be hereinaftermore fully set forth.

111 Fig. 1, a a a a indicate the central main or draft beam, formed ofwrought metal from two to three inches wide and half-inch thick,gradually wider at the curved or stock part a a The hitching end of thebeam is formed, as ordinary plow-beams, with clevis and hooking-placesI). To the butt-end of the stock part is attached a wrought-metallandside, c 0, formed of thin plate metal half-inch thick and about fourinches high.

The mold-board d d is formed of thin steelplate metal, and its lowerline, a e, is beveled or formed with a sharp edge. The mold-board d d isof one single plate, the sharp edge e e forming the share. Themold-board is attached to the stock part and landside by suitable boltsand nuts, ff, Fig. 1. At 9 g is an adjustable detachable beam, thecurved or stock part similar in form to the main beam, as indicated at yy This beam has a slotformed in its upper end, as at h, Figs. 1 and 3,by'which slot it is connected by boltsz' i i z to the main beam, and bymeans of the stay connecting rod or bar J this beam is connectedto oneof the helves It It It is, which are also of thin wrought metal. '1 hisdetachable adjustable beam is bowed or bent outwardly sufficiently tothrow it off from the main draft-beam the required distance.

At L L, Figs. 1 and 4., is indicated the smaller or right-hand-sidedetachable adjustable stock, formed also with a slot, M, by which it isattached to the main beam. Each of the detachable adjustable stocks 9 gL have mold-boards and landsides connected thereto.

By reference to the drawings it will be perceived that the mold-boardand share constitute one and the sameindividual piece ot'metal, and saidmold-board is not over eight inches from the tip of the wing n, to theshare-edge e 0, and the width or distance across from the point 0 to theheel of the landside P should not be over six inches. Thus each will outsix inches of furrow in width and turn up about eight inches of soil indepth.

in the construction and operation of my improved Cll1)l '-S1l2tl6 plowthe mold-boardsd and landsides 0 c are so arranged and adjusted relativeto each other as that the butt-end or part 0 of each succeeding shareshall overcut or extend to the right of the cut of the point Q of eachpreceding share about an inch,as in- .dicated by the lines of dots r r,so that no blank or unturned soil occurs between each share, and thusthe whole width or extent of upturned soil made by the three shares willbe about sixteen inches.

The object sought after in my mode of arranging and form of constructingshare-plows is to diminish the unwieldy size and cumbrous weight ofplows, to greatly lessen the draft and diminish the resistance of thesoil, and thereby enable one person and one animal to do more work inhalf the time and with half the labor usually required in the employmentof large bar-share plows requiring two or more animals to work them.

Through my mode of dividing the draft of the beam and distributing theresistance of the soil by employing three small shares much less poweris required to force the plows through the soil, a greater amount ofsoil is upturned and more thoroughly pulverized, and a greater width ofsoil is plowed over, and all surface. growth and sod thoroughly turnedunder.

From the peculiar manner of arranging the shares of my plow at theproper angles relative to each other, from twenty to twenty-two inchesof furrow or soil can be upturned in the advancing of the plow, whereasin the use of the common bar-share and subsoil-plows much less soil canbe turned up.

In soil where there is much tendency to adhesiveness it has been foundexceedingly troublesome to use cast'metal mold-boards, from the factthat it is difficult to keep the face of the mold-board from taking orclogging, no matter how bright the surface of the cast metal may be; butin the employment of wroughtsteel ground mold-boards no such difficultyoccurs, the Wrought metal mold-boards being less porous.

In soil aboumling with fibrous rooty growth my triple-share plow willmost effectually cut through the soil and the iooty substances becauseof the relative bearing of the cuttingedgt-s e e and s sof the share andmold-board.

I am not aware that any kind of duplicate plows other than the commonshovel-plow has been llSt d in the cultivation of corn or other growthin rows, and consequently itis believed that in the use of myimprovements many advantages ensue, from the fact that it is onlynecessary to pass up one side and down the other between each row ofgrow th, thus doing in two operations what ordinarily requires fouroperations. Besides, in using my plow in standing growth, everyportionof soil is thoroughly turned up and all weeds and sod turned under,while the soil is well broken and laid against the standing growth,which cannot be the case in the use of shovel and bar-share plows asordinarily operated.

Owing to the adjustability of the stocks 9 L L through means of thelongitudinal slot s M, if desired, the share and mold-boards d 0 can bebrought more or less forward or carried more or less back relative toeach othvr, or be adjusted so as to out less deep than the center ormiddle share; or, when iequired, the plow can be used as a single ordouble share plow.

The whole weight of the larger size of my improved plow does not exceedfifty pounds. Consequently the animal hitched to the plow hascomparatively a small amount of weight to pull.

My plow has also been found equally as serviceable in preparing soil forgrain as for cultivating standing growth, and in regions of countrywhere grain is deposited on the surface and plowed in actual practicaltest has shown that in ordinary good friable land no harrowing orreducing the soil is required, for the peculiar construction andarrangement of the mold-boards of my plow entirely supersede thenecessity of harrowing over the soil, it being well broken and turnedover with great regularity.

When the share becomes blunt or dull the mold-board is detached and theshare-edge beat out and sharpened again and attached, ready for use.

I am well aware that share and other plows have been attached togetherin gangs and arranged at certain angles relative to each other; but inall such cases the shares are so attached as to leave a space or stripof unturned soil, whereby the earth is not thoroughly broken up andturned over, so as to throw all the surface earth beneath.

I am also aware that shovel-1. lows have no attached edge or share, asis also the case with many cultivators, and consequently such forms orshapes I do'not claim.

I claim The arrangement of the slotted adjustable laterally-connectedcompound beam and stock 9 g h and L L M, Figs. 1,3, 4. when combinedwith the solid wrought-metal compound mold and share at e n 0 s, Fig. 5,and when said combination is so arranged as that the heel or buttend ofone cutting-edge overcuts the point or toe of the advance share,admitting also of being adjustable more or less forward or backwardrelative to each other, substantially as herein set folth and described.

' EDWARD JULIER.

Witnesses:

JOHN S. HOLLINGSHEAD, JEDH. GIITINGS.

